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A similar situation could be affecting productivity in Tanzania, whereby, wild Nile tilapia O. mossambicus with several Asian countries experiencing decreased growth in various farmed Nile tilapia strains 4, 5. Consequently, some farmed strains of Nile tilapia suffered inbreeding and introgression with less desirable species, such as O. Evolution of its aquaculture research in the 1970s to mid-1980s started by targeting seed production technology and improvement of fish husbandry rather than genetic improvement 3.
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Such other aquaculture systems include above ground and raceway tanks, cages and recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). The production bulk originates from diverse aquaculture systems, although earthen ponds remain the most commonly used rearing means for tilapia aquaculture. The species has been constantly expanding in the last three decades and presently is reported in 87 countries around the world, with an estimated production of 4.2 million tonnes in 2016 2. Tilapias, especially Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus), have the potential to become the leading farmed fish species in the world 1. The GIFT strain demonstrated superior growth and genotype by environment interaction was weak and not important to be prioritized in breeding programs. The morphometric correlations for all strains in both environments ranged from moderate (0.50) to strong positive (0.92). All strains performed significantly better (p < 0.05) when reared in brackish-water than their respective counterparts in freshwater, except for the BIG NIN strain. Overall, the average weight gain for GIFT strain was 7.5%, 32%, 45% and 86.5% higher than BIG NIN, Chitralada, “Ruvu Farm” and Silver YY strains, respectively, across both environments. Stocking density of 5 fish/m 2 and 350 g/kg crude protein diet were used. Individuals were tagged and pooled in hapas (12 m × 8.5 m × 2 m each), aligned into different ponds (20 m × 20 m each).
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Five introduced strains of Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus) were tested for growth performance both in fresh- and brackish-water (2 salinity units) environments for 56 days.